Bufflehead
Bucephala albeola
The Bufflehead is a rare winter visitor to Britain, typically seen in small numbers along the eastern and southern coasts, particularly during periods of harsh weather. It is most likely to be spotted from October to March, with individuals occasionally lingering into April.
Field Identification Guide
Use these features to identify Bufflehead in the field.
The Bufflehead can be identified by its small size, large crested head, and distinctive black and white colouration, with a large patch of white on the back of its head and a black back. Its iridescent green and purple sheen on its head and neck is also a notable feature.
The Bufflehead is smaller than a Mallard, roughly the size of a Pochard, with a more compact body.
The male Bufflehead has a glossy black back, wings, and tail, with a large white patch on the back of its head, and a purple and green iridescent sheen on its head and neck, which can appear more black in certain lighting conditions.
The female Bufflehead is similar to the male but lacks the large white patch on the back of its head, instead having a smaller white patch on the side of its head, and its body is a duller grey-brown colour.
The Bufflehead's call is a high-pitched, squeaky "peep" or "tik" sound, often repeated in a series of short bursts.
Buffleheads are diving ducks that feed on small crustaceans, insects, and aquatic plants, often in shallow waters, and are known for their fast, agile flight and their ability to dive to considerable depths in search of food.
The Bufflehead can be confused with the Goldeneye, but can be distinguished by its smaller size, larger head, and distinctive white patch on the back of its head, as well as its more rapid wingbeat and different call.
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